Percepções e implicações do cuidado compassivo em uma instituição hospitalar especializada em Medellín
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31948/rc.v31i2.3689Palavras-chave:
empatia, compaixão, esgotamento, qualidade de vida, satisfação do pacienteResumo
O atendimento compassivo tem sido apontado como um fator de proteção contra o esgotamento; ele envolve a identificação das necessidades do paciente e a resposta a elas de acordo com os recursos disponíveis. Para isso, é necessário considerar a perspectiva do paciente e identificar suas emoções, entender o contexto e estabelecer um limite para a situação. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e compreender como o tratamento compassivo é entendido pelos pacientes e profissionais de saúde, bem como as implicações que ele tem em uma instituição hospitalar especializada em Medellín. Portanto, foi utilizada uma abordagem mista com questionários quantitativos e entrevistas semiestruturadas. A amostra corresponde a profissionais de saúde e pacientes. Foram avaliados os níveis e as percepções de esgotamento, empatia e compaixão. O estudo constatou altos níveis de exaustão emocional e despersonalização em 28,8% e 31,8%, baixa tomada de perspectiva em 30,3% e baixa compreensão empática em 39,4%. São necessários recursos pessoais e organizacionais para oferecer um atendimento compassivo que seja sustentável ao longo do tempo. A personalização do atendimento, a comunicação bidirecional, o acompanhamento do tratamento e a identificação das necessidades são destacados como aspectos fundamentais do atendimento compassivo. O atendimento compassivo é valorizado positivamente pelos pacientes e pode ser facilmente adaptado ao atendimento médico; entretanto, é imprescindível abordar a exaustão emocional e promover a empatia cognitiva para garantir a qualidade do atendimento e o bem-estar dos profissionais de saúde.
Biografia do Autor
Elena Suárez Cadavid, Universidad EAFIT
Psicóloga, Universidad EAFIT
Julia Restrepo Arango, Universidad EAFIT
Psicóloga, Universidad EAFIT; ingeniera de Diseño de Producto, Universidad EAFIT. Coordinadora metodológica, Universidad EAFIT.
Mariantonia Lemos Hoyos, Universidad EAFIT
Doctora en Psicología, Universidad de Los Andes; magíster en Psicología, Universidad San Buenaventura; psicóloga, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. Profesora titular Universidad EAFIT.
Paola Sánchez Zapata, Clínica Cardio VID
Doctora en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad CES; especialista en Epidemiología, Universidad CES. Subdirectora Científica, Clínica Cardio Vid.
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